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LEWIS R. PALMER, OF MARYLAND, NEW YORK.

CONSTRUCTION or Romanas ronrnnssiive iinons IN THE PROCESS or TANNING.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 1,455, dated December 81, 1839.

T0 all fav/0m t may concern.'

Be it known that I, Liiwis R. PALMER, of Maryland, Otsego county, Stateof New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in rlanniiigLeather, being a Machine for Changing the Hides from One Vat to lAnotherand Expressing tli-e Exhausted Liquor Therefrom, which is described asfollows, reference being had to the annexed drawings of the same, makingpart of this specification.

The nature of this invention and improvement consists in a certain newand useful arrangement of loose rollers on a horizontal axle placedabove and parallel with a revolving cylinder between which the hides arepressed and by which the exhausted liquors are expressed therefromhowever uneven the surfaces of the hides may be which cannot be effectedby two parallel cylinders of equal length.

To enable others skilled in the art to which this invention appertainsto make, construct and use the saine, I will proceed to describe itsconstruction and operation.

It is a principle which has long been admitted and practised upon by allgood tanners that the process of tanning will be facilitated inproportions to the frequent changes of the hide from partially reducedliquors to stronger liquors attended by such an expression of thereduced liquor as could be obtained by throwing them up in large pilesto press each other. The principle of this machine is to perform thesame operation in a more perfect manner and with a saving of at leastthree-fourths the labor, allowing the machine to be propelled by manuallabor. But it is contemplated also to add other propelling power thatmay be obtained at less expense by which the cost of tanning will beproportionally reduced.

A, A, sills constructed of suitable material form .and size to adoptthem to a fixed or po-rtable machine. B, B, cross pieces to brace andsupport the machine. O, O, posts with boxes to receive the gudgeons ofand support the 'cylinder E, and also boxes to receive the shaft F, madewith a perpendicular play so as to allow said shaft. to rise. D, D, D,D, braces to said posts.v E, cylinder made of any suitable material andconveinent size resting in boxes in posts O O as above. F, shaft passingthrough the center of rollers 1, 2, 3, &c., made of any suitablematerial and size and strength sufficient to support said rollers,resting and working in boxes as above described. G, the crank, pulley,drum or wheel to which the proelling power is applied to operate themachine. .Figures l, 2, 3, &c., pressing rollers made with holes in thecenter of any suitable material and of sufficient circumference toobtain the requisite pressing power and made of such thickness as willbest conform to the uneven surface over which they are t-o pass. Saidrollers to be hung on shaft F, so as with their weight on cylinder E andsuch a number of them as the width of the sides or hides of leather mayrequire to press the entire width at one time. i.

Fig. 2d represents the position of one roller. F is the shaft. H thehole in the center andconsiderable larger thanshaft F, so that in casethe part or shanks, of the hide or any part doubled should pass betweensaid roller and cylinder E, said roller will rise separately for it topass through and leave the remainder of the side or side subject to theaction of the other rollers, thus conforming separately to thethicknessof the hides with which each roller comes in contact andpressing the entire surface with equal weight; when cylinder E is put inmotion the rollers 1, 2, 3, &c., resting on said cylinder theyconsequent frictiongives said rollers all the motions necessary." ,y

The manner of using said machine 'to facilitate the process of tanningis first toH take the hide after it has passed through the ordinaryprocess of preparation, to'receive the tannin-fasten any convenientnumber of them together with strings or cords in the .l v

best manner in one vat then place the maf chine over said vat pass thestring or belt of hides or sides between the cylinder F,v n

and roll-ers l, 2, 3, &c., which being made heavy will press out bytheir weight the old liquor and let it run back into'the same vat whilethe hide comparatively dry drops into a stronger liquor which it readilyabsorbs and extracts what tannin said liquor contains. This processbeing frequently repeated which the mechanical advantages of the machineenables thev manufacturer to do with comparatively little expensegreatly facilitates the process of tanning.

Fig. l is a perspective View of the ma-l chine. Fig. 2, is a verticalsection through the rollers and cylinder.

The hides may be passed through one or belowthe same between Whiohthehides are more sets of theseoylinders and rollers. drawn for pressingtheH exhausted `liquors The invention claimed anddesired to be4therefrom, in theprocess `of tanning leather. l0 secured by LettersPatent consists iii-- s 5 v The before described combination and ar-1-Vlitnesses a 1 rangement of the parallel loose revolving .Wir l?.ELLIOT, rollers With the revolving `cylinder plaeed` l Emil). MAHER;

; L.` R. PALMER.

